Ah, my apologies, you are absolutely right. I was using the pre-built image on a Pi3 and the manual install on a Pi4. Once I flashed an SD card with the pre-built image for the Pi4 and booted that up I saw the same video options. Thanks for the insight!

@BuZz

I uninstalled and reinstalled DOSBox with the dispmanx SDL1 backend and it corrected my issue with screen tearing.