Hi Franke808, Here are three main possibilities:
The OS (written image) is corrupt/not present,
The SD card is faulty,
The Pi is faulty.
When you wrote the image to the SD card, in Windows did it show that the card had free (and used) space and that you could open that 'drive' and see files on the SD card? If not, then you possibly didn't extract the image file 'prior' to writing it using Win32 Disk Imager.
I had yesterday an situation that the Pi wouldn't boot with a reimaged (old) SD card. My problem was if I pressed the SD card in a certain place the Pi would boot. Long story short, the SD cards connection pads were worn and didn't make appropriate contact.
I was able to use a spare SD card and successfully use that. Tip: Use a micro SD card in an SD card adapter so if the contacts wear, you just swap out the adapter without having to rebuild your OS.
To test the Pi, try a different serviceable SD card.