By default, you don't need any configuration - a RPI3 will enable the analog video/audio when no HDMI is detected.
enable_tvout is just for Pi4, which doesn't do the switch automatically.
When you're measuring the output, is the cable plugged in the Pi ? If the signal goes through, then maybe the issue is the TV - does it accept composite from other sources ? Do you have a PAL or NTSC TV ?