@markt correct. As I said, and from reading your jstest tests, your joysticks are effectively being recognized as analogs correctly, it's just that they don't really map to the trackball the way you think they could.
You may try another emulator (lr-fba vs lr-mame vs AdvMame) and see if they handle it differently, or maybe someone has a different idea on how to configure it to make it work the way you want.